Damp is one of the most common issues in homes and can lead to structural problems, health concerns, and decreased property value if not properly addressed. Whether you’re a homeowner, a landlord, or looking to buy a new property, recognizing the signs of dampness is essential to prevent or tackle issues early. This guide covers the key indicators of damp, types of damp, and what to watch out for when assessing a property.
The buildup of damp is quite common in the UK due to our rather bracing climate and old properties in particular are quite susceptible to the long term effects of damp. This is also a major issue in places like Yorkshire due to typically older architecture and usually colder temperatures than some places in the UK. For a full breakdown, check out these recent statistics : https://alldamp.co.uk/the-mouldiest-cities-in-the-uk
Types of Damp: What to Look For
Before diving into the signs of damp, it’s important to know there are three main types:
- Rising Damp: This occurs when moisture from the ground is drawn up into the walls, often due to a failed or missing damp-proof course (DPC).
- Penetrating Damp: Caused by water entering through walls or roofs due to issues like faulty roofing, poor masonry, or broken gutters.
- Condensation Damp: Typically caused by moisture in the air condensing on cold surfaces inside the property, leading to mould and mildew.
Signs of Damp to Watch Out For
- Damp, Musty Odours
A persistent musty smell is one of the most recognizable signs of damp. This odour is usually caused by mould and mildew growing in moist environments and is often the first indicator of hidden damp issues. If this smell seems to hang around after bouts of heavy rain or particularly during cold weather, then it is likely a damp issue.
- Visible Mould and Mildew Growth
Mould or mildew, especially on walls, ceilings, or corners, indicates moisture problems. Black, grey, or greenish mould is common in areas with high humidity and inadequate ventilation, such as bathrooms and kitchens. Mould in other areas of the house could point to a more significant damp issue like rising or penetrating damp.
- Peeling or Blistering Paint and Wallpaper
Walls with damp problems often show peeling, flaking, or bubbling paint and wallpaper. This happens as moisture trapped beneath the surface pushes through, lifting the wall covering. Check particularly in areas near ground level, external walls, or around windows. You might also start to see faded or darkened sections on the wall, particularly in the top corners. Dark or discoloured patches on walls and ceilings can signal moisture intrusion. Water stains oftenstart as a faint discoloration but can darken over time. In severe cases, the wall may feel damp to the touch but in most cases, you’ll have noticed an issue long before this becomes apparent.
- Damaged or Crumbling Plaster and Skirting Boards
Rising damp, in particular, causes damage to walls and skirting boards. The plaster may feel soft or crumble upon touch, and skirting boards can warp or rot due to prolonged exposure to moisture. Signs of crumbling plaster near floor level are especially indicative of rising damp.
- Rotting Timber and Structural Damage
Dampness can lead to wood rot, particularly in timber that’s close to walls, floors, or window sills. Look for signs of rot or decay in skirting boards, floorboards, and window frames. In older properties, damp can even impact the structural integrity of wooden beams, so it’s essential to catch it early.
- Increased Humidity and Condensation
Condensation on windows and cold surfaces, especially during cooler months, could indicate damp. While not typically the strongest indicator on its own, it can be a common occurrence alongside some of the more extreme indicators here. Check for signs of persistent condensation, which may be a clue to underlying damp issues in rooms with poor ventilation or areas prone to high moisture levels.
What to Do if You Suspect Damp
Spotting damp early can help prevent costly repairs. If you identify any of the signs listed above, it’s best to seek a professional view to diagnose the issue and recommend the best treatment options. Addressing damp issues and ensuring proper management of damp proofing not only preserves the property’s structure but also safeguards the health of its inhabitants from many of the health impacts that damp can cause.
